Assessment of the Effect of Simulated Rhinoplasty and Genioplasty on the Facial Profile Attractiveness of Patients with a Convex Face.

AIM: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of rhinoplasty and genioplasty on facial profile attractiveness assessed by orthodontists and laypersons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, posttreatment cephalo-grams of 30 class II patients with convex profile and nasal hump who had undergone camouflage treatment were traced. These profile outlines were modified by computer software to simulate rhinoplasty and genioplasty. Then, all these outlines were converted into silhouettes. There were four groups: no modification, rhinoplasty (R), genioplasty (G), and rhinoplasty plus genioplasty (RG). Esthetic assessment of all patients was done by two panels: six orthodontists and six laypersons. Data were analyzed using Friedman's and Wilcoxon's test with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: The highest mean esthetics scores belonged to RG (3.9 ± 0.6), followed by R (3.5 ± 0.5), G (2.4 ± 0.5), and the initial image of the patients (2.13 ± 0.5). There was a significant improvement following all surgeries as determined by all evaluators (p < 0.001), except for orthodontists who did not find genioplasty more esthetic than no modification (p = 0.139). The mean score of esthetics by orthodontists was more than laypersons in all groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both rhinoplasty and genioplasty improved the attractiveness of the patients' facial profiles. The greatest improvement in the facial profile attractiveness in convex faces was observed after simultaneous nasal hump elimination and chin argumentation procedures. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Although both rhinoplasty and genioplasty could improve patients' profile, the best result is achieved when combination of them is used for treatment of convex facial profile patients.

Impact of Orthognathic Surgery on Quality of Life in Patients with Dentofacial Deformities.

The aim of this investigation was to determine the impact of orthognathic surgery on quality of life in patients with dentofacial deformities at immediate presurgery and at 3-week, 3-month, and 6-month intervals following the surgery. Subjects included forty-three 18-40-year-old Iranian orthognathic patients who were referred to private offices in Isfahan. Data collection was performed using the 22-item Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). Participants completed the questionnaire prior to surgery and 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after it. Differences and correlations were calculated by the two-tailed t-test, ANOVA with Repeated Measure test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results showed significant reduction returned to baseline in OQLQ mean scores and aesthetic, awareness, and social subdomains in all 3 intervals after surgery. However oral function domain showed an increase at T2 and then a decrease at next intervals. Maximum and minimum effect size were observed in aesthetic (ES = 0.7) and oral function (ES = 0.3) domain, respectively. Based on the finding of this study, in 6-month interval after surgery, orthognathic surgery causes significant improvements in quality of life in patients with dentofacial deformities as assessed in emotional, psychological, oral function, and social domains and maximum changes occurred in emotional domain.

Treatment Options for Class III Malocclusion in Growing Patients with Emphasis on Maxillary Protraction.

It is very difficult to diagnose and treat Class III malocclusion. This type of malocclusion involves a number of cranial base and maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental compensation components. In Class III malocclusion originating from mandibular prognathism, orthodontic treatment in growing patients is not a good choice and in most cases orthognathic surgery is recommended after the end of growth. Approximately 30-40% of Class III patients exhibit some degree of maxillary deficiency; therefore, devices can be used for maxillary protraction for orthodontic treatment in early mixed dentition. In cases in which dental components are primarily responsible for Class III malocclusion, early therapeutic intervention is recommended. An electronic search was conducted using the Medline database (Entrez PubMed), the Cochrane Collaboration Oral Health Group Database of Clinical Trials, Science Direct, and Scopus. In this review article, we described the treatment options for Class III malocclusion in growing patient with an emphasis on maxillary protraction. It seems that the most important factor for treatment of Class III malocclusion in growing patient is case selection.